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Alton Glenn Miller (March 1, 1904 – missing in action December 15, 1944)〔The website for Arlington National Cemetery refers to Glenn Miller as "missing in action since Dec. 15, 1944" see ("Major Glenn Miller" ), ''Arlington National Cemetery'' by Kathryn Shenkle. Accessed March 2012.〕 was an American big band musician, arranger, composer, and bandleader in the swing era. He was the best-selling recording artist from 1939 to 1943, leading one of the best known big bands. Miller's recordings include "In the Mood", "Moonlight Serenade", "Pennsylvania 6-5000", "Chattanooga Choo Choo", "A String of Pearls", "At Last", "(I've Got a Gal In) Kalamazoo", "American Patrol", "Tuxedo Junction", "Elmer's Tune", and "Little Brown Jug".〔Glenn Miller had 23 number one records and 72 top ten hits from 1939 to 1943; see ("Song artist 6 - Glenn Miller" ), ''Tsort'', Accessed March 2012, more than Elvis Presley (18 No. 1s, 38 top 10s) and The Beatles (20 No. 1s, 33 top 10s) had in their careers. See ("The Glenn Miller story" ), ''GlennMillerOrchestra.se''. See ("Overview of Achievements" ), ''Elvis Presley Enterprises inc''. Accessed September 9, 2011.〕 While he was traveling to entertain U.S. troops in France during World War II, Glenn Miller's aircraft disappeared in bad weather over the English Channel. ==Early life and career== Miller was born in Clarinda, Iowa, the son of Mattie Lou (née Cavender) and Lewis Elmer Miller.〔 He attended grade school in North Platte in western Nebraska. In 1915, Miller's family moved to Grant City, Missouri. Around this time, Miller had finally made enough money from milking cows to buy his first trombone and played in the town orchestra. Originally, Miller played cornet and mandolin, but he switched to trombone by 1916.〔Yanow, Scott. ''Classic Jazz''. San Francisco: Backbeat, 2001. Print.〕 In 1918, the Miller family moved again, this time to Fort Morgan, Colorado, where Miller went to high school. In the fall of 1919, he joined the high school football team, Maroons, which won the Northern Colorado Football Conference in 1920. He was named the Best Left End in Colorado.〔() Fort Morgan Colorado〕 During his senior year, Miller became very interested in a new style of music called "dance band music". He was so taken with it that he formed his own band with some classmates. By the time Miller graduated from high school in 1921, he had decided to become a professional musician.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Glenn Miller History )〕 In 1923, Miller entered the University of Colorado in Boulder, where he joined Sigma Nu Fraternity,〔("Famous Sigma Nu's" ), ''Oregonstate.edu''. Retrieved on July 29, 2011.〕 but spent most of his time away from school, attending auditions and playing any gigs he could get, including with Boyd Senter's band in Denver. He dropped out of school after failing three out of five classes one semester, and decided to concentrate on making a career as a professional musician. He later studied the Schillinger technique with Joseph Schillinger, under whose tutelage he composed what became his signature theme, "Moonlight Serenade".〔, ''The Schillinger System''.〕 In 1926, Miller toured with several groups, eventually landing a good spot in Ben Pollack's group in Los Angeles. He also played for Victor Young, whose Los Angeles studio orchestra accompanied Judy Garland and Bing Crosby, allowing him to be mentored by other professional musicians. In the beginning, he was the main trombone soloist of the band. But when Jack Teagarden joined the Pollack's band in 1928, Miller found that his solos were cut drastically. From then, he realized that, rather than being a trombonist, his future lay in writing music.〔 He also had a songbook published in Chicago in 1928 entitled ''Glenn Miller's 125 Jazz Breaks for Trombone'' by the Melrose Brothers copyrighted in 1927.〔''Metronome'', 1928, Volume 44, Page 42.〕 During his stint with Pollack, Miller wrote several musical arrangements of his own. He also co-wrote his first composition, "Room 1411", written with Benny Goodman and released as a Brunswick 78, 4013, credited to Bennie Goodman's Boys.〔("Benny Goodman's Boys" ), ''Red Hot Jazz''.〕 In 1928, when the band arrived in New York City, he sent for and married his college sweetheart, Helen Burger. He was a member of Red Nichols's orchestra in 1930, and because of Nichols, Miller played in the pit bands of two Broadway shows, ''Strike Up the Band'' and ''Girl Crazy'' (where his bandmates included big band leaders Benny Goodman and Gene Krupa). During the late 1920s and early 1930s, Miller managed to earn a living working as a freelance trombonist in several bands. On a March 21, 1928, Victor session, Miller played alongside Tommy Dorsey, Benny Goodman, and Joe Venuti in the All-Star Orchestra, directed by Nat Shilkret.〔Conner, D. Russell, and Warner W. Hicks, BG-Off the Record, Arlington House, New Rochelle, New York, 1969. ISBN 0-87000-059-4〕〔Shilkret, Nathaniel, ed. Niel Shell and Barbara Shilkret, ''Nathaniel Shilkret: Sixty Years in the Music Business'', Scarecrow Press, Lanham, Maryland, 2005. ISBN 0-8108-5128-8.〕〔Stockdale, Robert L., "Tommy Dorsey on the Side", Studies in Jazz, No. 19, Scarecrow Press, Metuchen, New Jersey, 1995.〕 During this period, Miller arranged and played trombone on several significant Dorsey Brothers OKeh sessions including "The Spell of The Blues", "Let's Do It" and "My Kinda Love", all with Bing Crosby vocals. On November 14, 1929, an original vocalist named Red McKenzie hired Miller to play on two records that are now considered to be jazz classics:〔Simon, George T. (1980). ''Glenn Miller and His Orchestra'', p. 42. De Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-80129-9.〕〔Simon (1980) says in ''Glenn Miller and His Orchestra'', on page 42, when he asked Miller years later what recordings he made were his favorites, he specifically singled out the Mound City Blue Blowers sessions.〕 "Hello, Lola" and "If I Could Be With You One Hour Tonight". Beside Miller were clarinetist Pee Wee Russell, guitarist Eddie Condon, drummer Gene Krupa and Coleman Hawkins on tenor saxophone. In the early-to-mid-1930s, Miller also worked as a trombonist, arranger, and composer in The Dorsey Brothers, first when they were a Brunswick studio group (under their own name and providing accompaniment for many of The Boswell Sisters sessions), and finally when they formed an ill-fated co-led touring and recording orchestra.〔Simon (1980), pp. 65–66.〕 Miller composed the songs "Annie's Cousin Fannie",〔Simon (1980), p. 9.〕〔"Annie's Cousin Fanny" was recorded for Decca and Brunswick, a total of three times. The Brunswick release is catalogued Brunswick 6938, and one of the Decca recordings is catalogued Decca 117-A. These recordings are from the summer of 1934. See the website ("Dorsey Brothers Orchestra" ), ''RedHotJazz.com'' for more information about dates〕 "Dese Dem Dose",〔〔"Dese Dem Dose" was recorded February 6, 1935 and released on the Decca label. For more information and where the preceding sentence was taken from, see ("Dorsey Brothers Orchestra" ), ''RedHotJazz.com''〕 "Harlem Chapel Chimes", and "Tomorrow's Another Day" for the Dorsey Brothers Band in 1934 and 1935. In 1935, he assembled an American orchestra for British bandleader Ray Noble,〔 developing the arrangement of lead clarinet over four saxophones that eventually became the sonic keynote of his own big band. Members of the Noble band included future bandleaders Claude Thornhill, Bud Freeman and Charlie Spivak. Glenn Miller made his first movie appearance in the 1935 Paramount Pictures release ''The Big Broadcast of 1936'' as a member of the Ray Noble Orchestra performing "Why Stars Come Out at Night".〔(''The Big Broadcast of 1936'' (1935) – Full cast and crew list. ), ''Internet Movie Database''.〕 ''The Big Broadcast of 1936'' starred Bing Crosby, George Burns, Gracie Allen, Ethel Merman, Jack Oakie, and Bill "Bojangles" Robinson. The film also featured other performances by Dorothy Dandridge and the Nicholas Brothers, who would appear with Miller again in two movies for Twentieth Century Fox in 1941 and 1942. Glenn Miller compiled several musical arrangements and formed his first band in 1937. The band, after failing to distinguish itself from the many others of the era, broke up after playing its last show at the Ritz Ballroom in Bridgeport, Connecticut, on January 2, 1938.〔George Thomas Simon, ''Glenn Miller and His Orchestra'', New York: Crowell, 1974, ISBN 978-0-690-00470-0, (p. 105 ).〕 Benny Goodman said in 1976: :In late 1937, before his band became popular, we were both playing in Dallas. Glenn was pretty dejected and came to see me. He asked, "What do you do? How do you make it?" I said, "I don't know, Glenn. You just stay with it."〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Music in the Miller Mood )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Glenn Miller」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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